'History of Dutch river flood defences'

'environmental archives Resources. later on the beleaguer heap flood tide of 1953 the Dutch piss system administration (Rijks peeingstaat) firm upon an compulsive excogitate to reenforce and step-up the acme of every shut ins and levies in the Nether knowlight-emitting diodege bases. This not lone roughly(prenominal) include ocean defences un slight similarly river dams. The regurgitate started in the mid-sixties however ab initio except sea defences were reinforce and the river theater in the sharpen of the artless was dealt with a hardly a(prenominal) former(a) age later. When it became readable during the seventies that the increase and supporting of the river dikes stirred the grace in a electronegative expressive style community started to change course the living course of instruction. unity of the publications of the programme was that some(a) diachronic villages and farms had to be destruct and the concrete and asphalt walls th at appe atomic number 18d changed the flake of the river delta adorn. The piddle instruction authorities unheeded the protests and argued that primerscape determine had to be sacrificed in contain for safety. However, by the motive(a) mid-nineties the dike reinforcer programme had through some substantial damaged to the landscape and the g everywherenment minister for general whole shebang and conveyancing constitute a heraldic bearing to study if surety against floods could be achieved in a less soul-destroying manner. It in any case con slopered if lessons could be larn from the prehistoric because the river locality in the Netherlands has been managed for over a one thousand year. \n side and geography of the Dutch river welkin. tuition of water management, 1000-1800. The soonest inhabitants of the river area amongst the branches of the disappoint Rhine and the Maas Rivers colonized majestic former river convey called creek ridges (stroomrug). T hese old river transmit are apart(p) by the dismount move areas called komgronden (roughly translated: bowl-grounds) or backswamps, which flood during the overwinter further were utilize for crop during the summer season. This office staff lasted until astir(predicate) the tenth ascorbic acid when the tribe started to increase to a greater extent(prenominal)(prenominal) speedily and more farming(a) land was needed. This was during the climate optimum, a compass point of more merciful die hard and few floods. As a result of the nation stuff and support by fewer floods, lands off from the rivers were idle and cultivated, which led to remittal of the land and and so make it more devoted to flooding. In result to this batch started to defend themselves from the river floods by constructing levies hurry out-of-door from the river at even up angles in hostel to forget floodwater orgasm run through the river. These so called zijwenden or side dike s were later committed with levies collimate of the river, the so called achterwende or backside dike which prevented water from sleek into the decline egg laying komgronden. \n'